I know that ku band (high frequency, 11~12 GHz) are much affected than low frequency because of their dispersion from weather disruption (affected by the elements in the atmosphere). But how rain really affect the Satellite radio signal?, I've gathered some info on the rain/snow issue on our satellite TV (just to have a clearer understanding). The term used for this is Rain Fade, rain fade is the result of disturbance of the rain to our radio signal. There are 3 areas that rain fade may occur:
- from our broadcast station to the satellite.
- from the satellite to our satellite dish.
- and from rain/snow in the satellite dish itself.
The effect of rain fade can be simply explain if we take the properties of water (somewhat like a soft crystal / mirror or glass), it doesn't totally deflect the signal but it somehow alters it through its absorption properties. It can absorb some signal (some are wash away by rain) other get deflected.
It also can scatter the radio signal, an example of this (analogy of mine) is when you play around with a flashlight and face it on a wall, you can make the light reflection much bigger on a longer distance (the light is scattered once it pass by the glass), same goes with the our radio signal when passes a rain, it is being scattered. At least we now have an idea everytime it rain and Satellite TV signal is no good, we can just imagine the rain fade effect.
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